Help with using ing and ed in some situations.

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datemaki
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Help with using ing and ed in some situations.

Post by datemaki »

I was confused by those questions. Because those sentences look really similar, but the answers are different such as "~ing" or "~ed".
Could you somebody help me with how I can use" ~ing" and "~ed" correctly and why the answers are different in those two sentences?

(1)Sunpool Appliances has released a new sewing machine … a programmable control system with a touch-screen interface.

a. feature
b. featuring
c. features
d. featured Answer: b. featuring



(2)Kochi Engineering has proposed the construction of a drainage system … to keep the Route 480 highway dry during heavy rain.

a. was designed
b. designed
c. designer
d. designing Answer: b. designed
darcy
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Re: Help with using ing and ed in some situations.

Post by darcy »

Sentence 1 and 2 both contain reduced relative clauses.
Here are the UNreduced clauses:
1) “… a new sewing machine which features a programmable control system”
2) “ … a drainage system which is designed to keep the Route 480 highway dry”
Clause 1 has an active verb form. Clause 2 has a passive verb form.
In clauses like these, which+active verb reduces to an -ing verb form (featuring).
which+passive verb reduces to an -ed verb form (designed).

Another example:
We can reduce "The cost is £110, which includes taxes." to "The cost is £110 including taxes."
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datemaki
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Status: Learner of English

Re: Help with using ing and ed in some situations.

Post by datemaki »

darcy wrote: Sat Nov 14, 2020 8:51 pm Sentence 1 and 2 both contain reduced relative clauses.
Here are the UNreduced clauses:
1) “… a new sewing machine which features a programmable control system”
2) “ … a drainage system which is designed to keep the Route 480 highway dry”
Clause 1 has an active verb form. Clause 2 has a passive verb form.
In clauses like these, which+active verb reduces to an -ing verb form (featuring).
which+passive verb reduces to an -ed verb form (designed).

Another example:
We can reduce "The cost is £110, which includes taxes." to "The cost is £110 including taxes."

Thank you! That helped me and I understand it now.
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